FAIL ACUTE BREATH

FAIL ACUTE BREATH

Acute respiratory failure is the failure of gas exchange in the lung, marked by the downs in arterial oxygen levels (hypoxemia) or rising levels of carbon dioxide (hypercarbia) or a combination thereof.
criteria for diagnosis in patients who breathe the air in the room get the results of blood gas analysis:
1. PaO2 less than 60 mmHg
2. PaCO2 more than 49 mmHg without any disruption of primary metabolic alkalosis

ETIOLOGY OF BREATH FAIL ACUTE DISEASE
respiratory failure can be caused by a wide - range of both acute and chronic diseases that become acute again (acute on chronic). Acute respiratory failure can also arise from chronic lung disease, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PPOM or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), which became acute again (acute on chronic respiratory failure).
in this case causes obstruction of breath in hypersecretion, mucosal edema and bronchi spasms. bronchi spasm frequently occurs in asthma. Chronic bronchitis can develop into emphysema. spasm of the bronchi in asthma can be caused by immunological reactions, substances such as smoke, dust, cold air can also induce bronchial spasm, substances such as serotonin, histamine can cause spasm of the bronchi directly. in emphysema is characterized by changes in the anatomy of the lungs in the form of excessive inflation in the distal space and bronkhiolus terminalis, alveolar capillary membrane damage resulting in a progressive, also damage the walls of the alveoli so it can happen collapse of the alveoli - tiny alveoli during expiration.

2 forms of the disorder known as follows:



1.bronchitis "blue Bloater"
damage mainly in the airway, in addition to hypoxemia also arise in the
accompanied hypercarbia due to chronic CO2 retention, this led to stimulation of
the respiratory center is no longer the state of hypercarbia (hypercarbic drive)
but by the state of hypoxia (hypoxic drive) and the respiratory center becomes
very sensitive to the drug - drugs such as narcotics mendepresi breath central
also to the high oxygen concentration.
2.emphysema "pink puffer" here mainly in the form of emphysema lung damage PaCO2
usually not too high, failed to breath more easily overcome this type.